Epictetus and His Handbook †Philosophy Essay

Epictetus and His Handbook †Philosophy Essay Free Online Research Papers Epictetus and His Handbook Philosophy (200 Level Course) While it would be an entirely reasonable individual evaluation to state that way of thinking isn't the field of study that requests my advantage, nor is it the field that I would appreciate dedicating a lot of time to, I was very amazed when undertaking Epictetus’ handbook. Composed as an initial work in apathetic way of thinking and furthermore composed as a guide with regards to how to live one’s life, it seems to be significantly less ill-mannered than different bits of philosophical writing that I have perused and despite the fact that it was kept in touch with somewhere in the range of 2,000 years back it despite everything applies to down to earth ordinary occasions. Epictetus digs into such things as how to deal with associations with friends and family, how to manufacture character, how to manage difficulties just as satisfaction and essentially the most ideal approach to live one’s life and have the option to be free and settled. I for one saw his twenty-first point as very fascinating. In it he states, Let demise and outcast and everything that is horrible show up before your eyes each day, particularly passing; and you will have nothing disgusting in your considerations or pine for anything exorbitantly. This is a captivating point of view and the encounters that one can encircle themselves with and its impact on the individual that they become. So as I would concur with this announcement lovingly, I feel that not many individuals today live by this norm. And keeping in mind that today is out of line to decide to the past essentially on the grounds that it is difficult to ever know whether individuals followed this way of thinking all through time, we can see that today this isn't a reality. Maybe a few people do see demise and other awful things and still need things that would be believed to be over the top. Others despite everything may have not been exposed to these shades of malice of the world and in the event that they are or when they do they will be appreciative for all that they have. Numerous individuals most likely follow this ethical code and don't need things that are not basic to their endurance and they do so in light of the fact that they realize that they have been honored with acceptable in their lives. I for one realize that I am liable now and again of disgusting musings and longing for things in abundance. And keeping in mind that I have not seen the entirety of the awful that the world holds I have been exposed to some of it, including passing and disaster. However still I let those recollections escape my attention now and again and I long for things that I realize I needn't bother with. Possibly that is simply human instinct or the aftereffect of the world that we live in, a world where more is acceptable and there is a steady flood of new things and improved adaptations of things that we have and doubtlessly didn't require in any case. Notwithstanding the explanations behind the way that our general public and culture act, Epictetus was just observer to similar sorts of conduct in his time and had the option to foresee its duration later on for all general public. So then we pose the inquiry, will things ever change? Will individuals stop one day, ponder all that they have and understand that they are the lucky ones and never long for additional? Doubtlessly not, however it would be a fascinating inquiry to consider, and it appears that if in reality that was the situation, this world that we call home would be changed, and improved at that. Insatiability has been the reason for war, neediness, starvation, and others man made fiascos. Furthermore, insatiability doesn't need to be constrained to cash or simply material belongings. The requirement for power has been one of the most mishandled activities in the previous century all through the world. A world without avarice could be an exceptionally delightful thing, yet I dread that I will never live to observe that, nor will any of my posterity, or their posterity. For that would solicit a dreadful part out from individuals that have been doing likewise things for a large number of thousands of years. Still I would wager that Epictetus would have wanted to witness it and for the issue, so would I. Examination Papers on Epictetus and His Handbook - Philosophy EssayThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationCapital PunishmentBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm X19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenStandardized TestingTwilight of the UAWThe Spring and Autumn

Blowfish Algorithm Advantages and Disadvantages

Blowfish Algorithm Advantages and Disadvantages Blowfish is a keyed (snippet of data that decides the useful yield of a cryptographic calculation or figure), symmetric cryptographic square figure. It was planned by Bruce Schneier in 1993. From that point forward it has been broke down impressively, and it is gradually picking up acknowledgment as a solid encryption calculation. Blowfish is sans permit and is accessible out of control situation employments. It is likewise a symmetric square figure that can be utilized as a drop-in swap for DES or IDEA. It takes a variable-length key, from 32 bits to 448 bits, making it perfect for both residential and exportable use. Blowfish is additionally one of the quickest square figures in broad daylight use, making it perfect for an item that capacities on a wide assortment of processors found in cell phones just as in note pad and work stations. The principal execution of the Blowfish Algorithm in LabVIEW. With this arrangement of subvi’s one can scramble information in LabVIEW witho ut the need of outside programming. This can be utilized to send information safely over Data attachment just as TCP and UDP interchanges alongside shield remote control frameworks from unapproved access, by scrambling the control correspondences. .( B. Schneier, Applied Cryptography, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1994.) 3.2 Strategies and Mechanisms Blowfish has a 64-piece square size and a key length of some place from 32 bits to 448 bits. The calculation comprises of two sections. One is a key-extension part and one more is an information encryption part. Key extension changes over a key of all things considered 448 bits into a few subkey clusters totaling 4168 bytes. It is a 16-round Feistel figure and uses enormous key-subordinate S-boxes (fundamental segment of symmetric key calculations which performs replacement). Each round comprises of a keydependent change, and a keydependent replacement. It is likewise comparative in structure to CAST-128, which uses fixed S-boxes. Blow fish is reasonable for application where the key doesn't change oftentimes, similar to a correspondence connect or a programmed record encryptor. It is fundamentally quicker than most encryption calculation when on 32-piece microchip with enormous information stores. (Quick Software Encryption, Cambridge Security Workshop Proceedings December 1993) 3.3 The Feistel structure of Blowfish A Fiestel arrange is a general strategy for changing any capacity (by and large called F-work) into a stage. It was inented by Horst Fiestel and has been utilized in many square chiper planned. The outline underneath shows the activity of Blowfish. Each line speaks to 32 bits. The calculation keeps two subkey clusters: the 18-section P-exhibit and four 256-passage S-boxes. The S-boxes acknowledge 8-piece info and produce 32-piece yield. One passage of the P-exhibit is utilized each round, and after the last round, every 50% of the information square is XORed with one of the two staying unused P-sectio ns. The graph to the correct shows Blowfish’s F-work. The capacity parts the 32-piece contribution to four eight-piece quarters, and uses the quarters as contribution to the S-boxes. The yields are added modulo 232 and XORed to create the last 32-piece yield. Since Blowfish is a Feistel organize, it tends to be rearranged essentially by XO7Ring P17 and P18 to the figure content square, at that point utilizing the P-sections backward request. Blowfish’s calculation instate with the P-exhibit and S-boxes. The mystery key is then XORed with the P-sections all together and afterward utilize a similar technique to encode all the zero string. The significant ciphertext replaces P1 and P2 then scramble the new P1 and P2 with the changed subkeys. Presently the yield is P3 and P4. Through and through Blowfish calculation will rehash multiple times so as to ascertain new subkeys for the P-cluster and the four S-boxes. It is about 4KB information is prepared.

The Information Society Coursework Example

The Information Society Coursework Example The Information Society Coursework â€" Essay Example > Title: How can Government use digital technologies to reduce economic, political, social and cultural exclusion in rural communities in the UK? 3rd June 2010The United Kingdom government has been in the fore front in making sure that there is accessibility to information throughout the country this includes the rural areas by the formation of regional development authorities who helps and oversee that there is internet connection throughout the rural areas this is done in several ways namely offering the services as a package with other services or through community based initiatives. This was made possible by the provision of grants to support the installation of broadband services in the rural areas. In the rural areas there has been formation of several development authorities such as SEEDA, OFCOM and DEFRA among others. However the government need to deal with the many red tapes which slow the implementation of such projects to take root. There has also been several attempts b y the government to curtail misuse of the internet through crack downs of jammers, introduction of new bills which are supposed to be implemented these includes the introduction of the European Union bill which is geared to stop what is termed as broadband shock bills. The introduction of the European bill to stop broadband shock was introduced since most business men or tourist ran a huge amount of bills anytime they were travelling abroad due to the fact that they used their roaming devices to check on the internet. It has a set amount of money capacity which someone is allowed to use unless the person request for addition. According to Neelie Kroes, EU commission vice president for digital Agenda: “There will be no more bill shocks for tourists or business travellers surfing the internet with smart phones or laptops while in another EU country. The EU is also cutting the cost of roaming calls for travellers. I am determined to make the EU's telecoms markets more competitive. ” With the introduction of this bill you have the option of increasing your cap or even reducing It further by contacting your mobile provider directly. This can be done to the amount you need or require to use when you are abroad. This capacity bill is not only directed at broadband providers only but also mobile phone providers who have also been forced to lower their roaming cost of making and receiving calls around Europe. However the only limitation to this is that it applies only when you are in the European countries and not when you are travelling abroad since as Michel Philip one of the broadband service provider said, “While the new rules should eliminate bill shocks, they do only apply while you're roaming in Europe - and using your mobile broadband connection to get online abroad is still costly. And “If you're determined to use your mobile broadband abroad, it might be more economical to buy one of the roaming bundles offered by most providers, ” he advised. T here are two types of internet usage namely asymmetry and symmetry. Asymmetry is the use of internet by private consumers while symmetry is the use of internet by business community. The use of broadband depends on the end user for instance if the person wants dedicated broadband they have to pay much more than for instance someone who share the same bandwidth with several people. For instance the fewer the people using a bandwidth the more they pay compared to the higher the people use the same bandwidth.

Learn About the Sixth Amendment Trial by Jury

The Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution ensures certain rights of individuals facing prosecution for criminal acts. While it is previously mentioned in Article III, Section 2 of the Constitution, the Sixth Amendment is popularly recognized as the source of the right to a timely public trial by jury. As one of the original 12 amendments proposed in the Bill of Rights, the Sixth Amendment was submitted to the then 13 states for ratification on September 5, 1789, and approved by the required nine states on December 15, 1791. The full text of the Sixth Amendment states: In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence. Specific rights of criminal defendants ensured by the Sixth Amendment include: The right to a public trial held without unnecessary delay. Often referred to as a â€Å"speedy trial.†The right to be represented by a lawyer if desired.The right to be tried by an impartial jury.The right of the accused to obtain and present witnesses to appear on their behalf.The right of the accused to â€Å"confront,† or question witnesses against them.The right of the accused to be informed of the identity of their accusers and the nature of the charges and evidence to be used against them. Similar to other constitutionally-ensured rights related to the criminal justice system, the Supreme Court has ruled that the protections of the Sixth Amendment apply in all states under the principle of â€Å"due process of law† established by the Fourteenth Amendment. Legal challenges to the provisions of the Sixth Amendment occur most often in cases involving the fair selection of jurors, and the need to protect the identity of witnesses, like victims of sex crimes and persons in danger of possible retaliation as a result of their testimony. The Courts Interpret the Sixth Amendment While the mere 81 words of the Sixth Amendment establish the basic rights of persons facing prosecution for criminal acts, sweeping changes in society since 1791 have forced the federal courts to consider and define exactly how some of those most visible basic rights should be applied today. Right to a Speedy Trial Exactly what does â€Å"speedy† mean? In the 1972 case of Barker v. Wingo, the Supreme Court established four factors for deciding whether a defendants speedy trial right had been violated. Length of the delay: A delay of one year or longer from the date of the defendant’s arrest or indictment, whichever happens first, was termed to be â€Å"presumptively prejudicial,† However, the Court did not establish one-year as an absolute time limitCause of the delay: While trials may not be excessively delayed solely to disadvantage the defendant, they may be delayed in order to secure the presence of absent or reluctant witnesses or for other practical considerations, such as change of trial location, or â€Å"venue.†Did the defendant agree to the delay? Defendants who agree to delays that work in their benefit may not later claim that the delay had violated their rights.The degree to which the delay may have prejudiced the court against the defendant. One year later, in the 1973 case of Strunk v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that when an appeals court finds that a defendants right to a speedy trial was violated, the indictment must be dismissed and/or the conviction overturned. Right to Trial by Jury In the United States, the right to be tried by a jury has always depended on the seriousness of the criminal act involved. In â€Å"petty† offenses — those punishable by no more than six months in jail — right to a jury trial does apply. Instead, decisions can be rendered and punishments assessed directly by judges. For example, most cases heard in municipal courts, such as traffic violations and shoplifting are decided solely by the judge. Even in cases of multiple petty offenses by the same defendant, for which the total time in jail might exceeding six months, the absolute right to a jury trial does not exist. In addition, minors are typically tried in juvenile courts, in which defendants may be given reduced sentences, but forfeit their right to a jury trial. Right to a Public Trial The right to a public trial is not absolute. In the 1966 case of Sheppard v. Maxwell, involving the murder of the wife of Dr. Sam Sheppard, a popular high-profile neurosurgeon, the Supreme Court held that public access to trials can be restricted if, in the opinion of the trial judge,excess publicity might harm the defendants right to a fair trial. Right to an Impartial Jury The courts have interpreted the Sixth Amendment’s guarantee of impartiality to mean that individual jurors must be able to act without being influenced by personal bias. During the jury selection process, lawyers for both sides are allowed to question potential jurors to determine whether they harbor any bias for or against the defendant. If such bias is suspected, the lawyer may challenge the juror’s qualification to serve. Should the trial judge determine the challenge to be valid, the potential juror will be dismissed. In the 2017 case of Peà ±a-Rodriguez v. Colorado, the Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment requires criminal courts to investigate all claims by defendants that their jurys guilty verdict was based on racial bias. In order for a guilty verdict to be overturned, the defendant must prove that the racial bias â€Å"was a significant motivating factor in the jurors vote to convict.† Right to Proper Trial Venue Through a right known in legal language as â€Å"vicinage,† the Sixth Amendment requires that criminal defendants be tried by jurors chosen from legally determined judicial districts. Over time, the courts have interpreted this to mean that selected jurors must reside in the same state in which the crime was committed and charges were filed. In the 1904 case of Beavers v. Henkel, the Supreme Court ruled that the location where the alleged crime took place determines the location of the trial. In cases where the crime may have occurred in multiple states or judicial districts, the trial may be held in any of them. In rare cases of crimes that take place outside the United States, like crimes at sea, the U.S. Congress may set the location of the trial. Factors Driving the Sixth Amendment As the delegates to the Constitutional Convention sat down to craft the Constitution in the spring of 1787, the U.S. criminal justice system was best described as a disorganized â€Å"do-it-yourself† affair. Without professional police forces, ordinary untrained citizens served in loosely defined roles as sheriffs, constables, or night watchmen. It was almost always up to victims themselves to charge and prosecute criminal offenders. Lacking an organized government prosecutorial process, trials often devolved into shouting matches, with both victims and defendants representing themselves. As a result, trials involving even the most serious crimes lasted only minutes or hours instead of days or weeks. Juries of the day were made up of twelve ordinary citizens — typically all men — who often knew the victim, defendant, or both, as well as the details of the crime involved. In many cases, most of the jurors had already formed opinions of guilt or innocence and were unlikely to be swayed by evidence or testimony. While they were informed of which crimes were punishable by the death penalty, jurors received few if any instructions from judges. Jurors were allowed and even urged to directly question witnesses and to publically debate the defendant’s guilt or innocence in open court. It was in this chaotic scenario that the framers of the Sixth Amendment sought to ensure that the processes of the American criminal justice system were conducted impartially and in the best interest of the community, while also protecting the rights of both the accused and victims. Sixth Amendment Key Takeaways The Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is one of the original articles of the Bill of Right and was ratified on December 15, 1791.The Sixth Amendment protects the rights of persons facing prosecution for criminal acts.Also known as the â€Å"Speedy Trial Clause,† the Sixth Amendment establishes the rights of defendants to be given a fair and speedy public trial before a jury, to have a lawyer, to be informed of the charges against them, and to question witnesses against them.The courts continue to interpret the Sixth Amendment as needed to respond to developing social issues such as racial discrimination.The Sixth Amendment applies in all states under the principle of â€Å"due process of law† established by the Fourteenth Amendment.The Sixth Amendment was created to correct the inequities of the disorganized, chaotic criminal justice system prevailing at the time.

African American Inventors Patents (Last Names O-R)

Resourcing Talent Free Essays

Resourcing Talent Report Adrienne Westerdale Attracting and retaining a diverse workforce is very important; there are many organisational benefits for doing so. People of different ages, genders and cultures will bring new skills and ideas to the organisation. A diverse workforce can help to inform companies of new or enhanced products and services as well as open up new market opportunities. We will write a custom essay sample on Resourcing Talent or any similar topic only for you Order Now It can improve market share and broaden an organisations customer base. CIPD defines managing diversity as â€Å"valuing everyone as an individual- valuing people as employees, customers and clients†. Location is a factor that can affect an organisations approach to attracting talent; there are lots of people that will look for work close to their homes to avoid commuting or even relocating. This could become a problem for organisations especially if recruiting for a specialised position such as engineers; it could be that they have advertised the vacancy locally and haven’t had a suitable applicant so will need to look further afield. It may take a little longer to fill the position which could increase the work load for other employees. Again this would have an effect on the organisation as it could lead to employees taking time off due to stress. Salaries would be another factor that can affect the approach to attracting talent. By offering a high salary you are more likely to receive more applicants for the position, however, the company can only offer a specific salary for a specific role. The organisations reputation has a massive affect, maintaining good relationships with employees will help create a good reputation. Offering your staff good benefits and salaries as well as treating them fairly with respect will encourage them to speak highly of the company. Good news travels fast which will attract potential employees to the organisation, however, if you don’t look after your employees you will find it hard to gain their respect which could result in loosing staff. The recruitment methods a company use can determine who they attract when recruiting. There are many things to consider when deciding which methods to use; we must look at the costs of different methods. Advertising can be very expensive, magazines especially. For a black and white quarter page advert a company can look to pay as much as ? ,100 and up to ? 7,650 for half a page. This can also affect an organisations approach to recruitment and selection; as advertising is very costly most companies will be limited to where they can advertise a vacancy which may not attract the appropriate candidate. Recruitment Methods Email: Recruiting through email can be an effective way to recruit internally as everyone within the organisation has access to it; however, there are c hances that some employees may not pick their emails up in time to apply for the position. It could also cause conflict if only certain people are sent the email encouraging them to apply for the vacancy and others within the company aren’t. Notice boards are also used to advertise vacancies internally; there are advantages to these as everyone can see them. Most people will take a look if something new is put up; the advert will have to be bright and bold to attract attention. Notice boards don’t always attract the appropriate candidate and employers can find that most of their applicants are unsuitable for the position. A successful way of recruiting internally would be through talent planning/management; this way the employee has the chance to learn all aspects of the business at different levels while progressing. Methods of external recruitment can be through recruitment agencies; a variety of different external agencies can be employed to undertake some part of the recruitment process on behalf of employers. The good thing about using agencies is that they do all the work for you. They will advertise the vacancy as well carry out a short interview with any candidates to identify if they are suitable to apply. The only downside to using this method is the cost; some private agencies will charge a fee. Some companies may also use the job centre as a method of recruitment; however, some employers are reluctant to use them despite the fact that unlike recruitment agencies they offer free advertising. This is partly because the clientele is mainly comprised of unemployed people, who are perceived to be unskilled or low skilled and therefore inappropriate for many jobs. The recruitment function of an organisation is affected and governed by a mix of various internal and external forces. The internal are the factors that can be controlled by the organisation, whereas the external factors cannot. Examples of internal factors would be: * Recruitment policy * Size of the firm * Cost of recruitment * Growth and expansion Examples of external would be: * Supply and demand * Labour market * Unemployment rate * Competitors Other factors that will affect an organisations approach to recruitment and selection can be the effectiveness of the interview; most interviews will be made up of a panel of interviewers from specific departments of the organisation, it is important to ensure that all panel members are trained in interview techniques. You should make sure you carry out thorough preparation and know the candidate’s background while asking competency based questions linked to the person specification. Allowing sufficient time for the interview is very important and always gives the candidate chance to ask any questions. References can affect the approach to recruitment and selection; Stephen Taylor says â€Å"Like interviews and application forms, it is very widely used but has been found to be of limited value by researchers. As a predictor of job performance it has low validity and has often been found to contain more information about its author than about its subject† (Resourcing and Talent Management, Stephen Taylor. P242) a great deal of time and effort is put in by some employers to chase up references to find that they have little practical value. It is very rare that negative or semi-negative references are made; however, most employers now have a policy of only providing factual information and make no comment about an individual’s suitability at all. The law have made it difficult for employers writing references to know for certain that what they will write will be confidential as unsuccessful candidates now have the right to ask for a copy of their references. Inductions The purpose of an induction is to ensure the effective integration of a new employee into the work place. As well as the usual orientation, a new starter needs to understand the business, where their role sits within the set up and what’s expected of them, as well as being quite clear regarding their terms and conditions of employment. A good induction programme should leave no room for confusion or lack of understanding and should, therefore, induce a feeling of â€Å"belonging†. The employee should then integrate well into the team, have high morale, achieve optimum productivity and therefore be able to work to full potential. In other words- job satisfaction. For the employee it means that all bases are covered and their trained and introduced properly. It also means that all employees receive the same, consistent experience when joining. It ensures that they aware of the company policies and procedures as well as the company ways of working and vision. â€Å"The main reason is that new employees who have undergone an effective induction programme are likely to be competent performers at their jobs more quickly than those whose induction was scanty or non- existent. † (Malcolm Martin and Patricia Jackson, 4th Edition. P110) â€Å"Also, the former group are less likely to leave the organisation at an early stage than the latter group (this phenomenon is commonly known as the ‘induction crisis’ and signifies a dissatisfaction with the job or the organisation or both). (Malcolm Martin and Patricia Jackson, 4th Edition. P110) There are certain subjects that should be covered during the induction; employees need to be informed of the organisations products, services, markets and values, terms and conditions of employment for example; pay, hours of work, holidays and sick pay and pension schemes. During the induction employees will be made aware of the physical layout of the organisation along with their rules and procedures, they will also be told of the background and structure. These subjects will put across using different training methods. On the job training will include: * Demonstration/ Instruction- This is showing the trainee how to do the job. * Coaching- This is a more intense method of training that involves a close working relationship between an experienced employee and trainee. Job rotations- This is where the trainee is given several jobs in succession, to gain experience of a wide range of activities (eg. A graduate management trainee might spend periods in several different departments). * Projects- Employees join a project team- This gives them exposure to other parts of the business and allows them to take part in new activities. Advantages of on the job training are that it’s most cost effective as there are no external training courses to pay for and employees don’t need to be given a day release to attend them. It also means new employees are training alongside real colleagues so get an actual feel for how their working day will run. There are disadvantages however to on the job training; employees may pick up bad habits from those who have been with the company for a long time there is also the potential for disruption to production. The learning environment might not be conductive when carrying out on the job training. Off the job training will include: * Distant learning * Day release * Self-study * Block release course- This may involve several weeks at college. Advantages of off the job training are that a wider range of skills and qualifications can be obtained, employees can learn from outside specialists and experts. It could also mean that employees can be more confident when starting the job. Disadvantages are that it is more experience; companies may need to pay for not only the training course but also for transport and accommodation depending on the location. It could mean lost working time and potential output; once they start the job they may need some further induction training. A big disadvantage to external training courses is the timescales in which they are done. You may book an employee onto a course but will have to wait a couple of weeks for them to attend; this will prevent them from their starting their role. People who will take part in an induction would usually be managers, HR professionals and any trainers depending on the position. Inductions don’t need to be a very formal process but it needs to be properly managed. ACAS run practical training courses to equip managers and HR professionals with the necessary skills to deal with employment relation issues and to create a more productive work place environments. How to cite Resourcing Talent, Essay examples

Persuasive Essay - the Arts in the Education free essay sample

Directions Essay Where the information for the essay came from 1 2 2 Directions: Write a persuasive essay about the relative importance of the arts in education. (First read at least two of the following).  ¦ The Arts are Nice, But http://education. jhu. edu/newhorizons/strategies/topics/Arts%20in%20Education/The%20Center%20for%20A rts%20in%20the%20Basic%20Curriculum/perrin1. htm Music and the Mind http://www. menc. rg/resources/view/music-and-the-mind Learning and the Arts http://education. jhu. edu/newhorizons/strategies/topics/Arts%20in%20Education/dickinson_why_arts. htm Education Through the Arts in Secondary Schools http://education. jhu. edu/newhorizons/strategies/topics/Arts%20in%20Education/The%20Center%20for%20A rts%20in%20the%20Basic%20Curriculum/perrin2. htm Multiple Intelligences http://www. pedsforparents. com/articles/2756. shtml High School Seniors Lag in Math, Reading (log into Pioneer Library first, and go to SIRS) http://sks. irs. com/cgi-bin/hst-article-display? id=SUT0568-0-5855artno=0000257740type=ARTshfilter=U key=res=Yren=Ygov=Ylnk=Nic=N Benefits of learning to play an instrument http://musiced. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasive Essay the Arts in the Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page about. com/od/beginnersguide/a/pinst. htm  ¦  ¦  ¦  ¦  ¦  ¦ Take a position on the issue, either: The arts are just as important as the solid subjects (math, English, science, history), and schools should require students to take classes in art, music, dance or literature. OR: The arts are not as important as the solid subjects, and schools should not have to offer classes in the arts for all students. Structure:  ¦  ¦  ¦  ¦ You may begin with whichever of the above positions you choose to support as your first sentence. Include one direct quote in quotation marks from each of the two articles you read. At the end of the quote, put the authors last name in parenthesis. Make sure to include two examples of personal experiences (yours, or that of someone you know well) to help support your position. Make sure to identify three of the good writing techniques in your essay by putting them in bold, or underlining, and naming the technique at the end of the sentence. 1 Schools should require students to take classes in fine arts. They are proven to be useful in several mental processes that are correlated with school performance 1. Dee Dickinson, former director of the Seattle Creative Activities Center, asserted: â€Å"I personally experienced the relationship between music and scholarship when I was director of the Seattle Creative Activities Center many years ago. At that time, we did not have the research at hand to explain why many children who were taking music and painting classes suddenly began to excel in math at school. Other children began to improve in their language arts skills. † 2 Recent research suggests that some forms of art, such as music, influence brain activity in activities such as timing and pacing 1. It has similar effects on every human brain in spite of cultural differences 2, that is probably why music is called ‘the universal language’. Fine arts, by nature, stimulate the feature of the brain that is in charge of divergent thinking; in other words, creativity, imagination, or, as it is commonly called ‘thinking outside the box’. It was found, for example, that musicians use both sides of their brains and use divergent thinking more frequently than average people, and that intensive musical training is associated with an elevated IQ score 3. There are intelligences other than logical, according to the theory of multiple intelligences 4. In the words of Michael K. Meyerhoff, executive director of The Education for Parenthood Information Center: â€Å"The premise of the theory is quite simple. It concerns that intelligence traditionally has been conceptualized, assessed, and addressed by school systems in much too narrow a fashion. If you happen to be among the fortunate ones whose strength is in the areas of language ability and/or logical-mathematical ability, you will respond well to the standard academic curriculum, you will do well on standardized tests, and be regarded as smart within the context of the standard classroom. 4 Creativity, divergent thinking, and elevated IQ score are, undoubtedly, useful skills in problem solving, and also applied to other branches of industry and production that requires more than logical reasoning, such as graphic design. I would say that, in the light of this evidence, schools should require students to take classes in fine arts, and laws should be made about it. Sources: 1. 2. 3. The Neurosciences Inst itute, â€Å"Music and the Brain† http://www. nsi. edu/index. php? age=xii_music_and_language_perception National Association for Music Education, â€Å"Music and the Mind†, by Dee Dickinson http://www. menc. org/resources/view/music-and-the-mind Vanderbilt University â€Å"Musicians use both sides of the brain more frequently than average people†, http://news. vanderbilt. edu/2008/10/musicians-use-both-sides-of-their-brains-more-frequently-than-average-peo ple-65577/ 4. Pediatrics for Parents â€Å"Multiple Intelligences† http://www. pedsforparents. com/articles/2756. shtml 2

Cold Sassy Tree essays

Cold Sassy Tree essays In the novel, Cold Sassy Tree, Olive Ann Burns explores timeless issues of love, death, and the ties that bind families and generations. The story also shows the modern age coming to a small southern town. Will Tweedy, a 14-year-old boy, who could always make a good story better in the telling, narrates this story. By the story being told in the first person point of view, the reader is able to experience the thoughts of the characters. The first person point of view brings the reader directly into the scene. Will looked up and saw T.R. raise his head to listen, but he thought, surely it wasnt near time for the train. He heard clickety-clack and screeched the train was coming. After reading this, the reader can share Wills feelings with him. Then, both the reader and Will, start to think how will is going to get off the trestle before the train gets there. Will could have gotten away easily, but as he scrambled to his feet, I stumbled and fell, he said, and I saw I couldnt possible make it off the trestle. In sudden shock, the reader takes a quick breath with Will. This makes the reader start to worry and wonder, even more, what Will is going to do to get away from the train. In conclusion, first person point of view helps the reader experience the thoughts of the characters. This novel is very rich with emotion, humor, and love. Olive Ann Burns does a good job in keeping the reader so interested in the book that they do not want to put it down. ...

The Ethanol Subsidy and How Biofuel Tax Incentives Work

The Ethanol Subsidy and How Biofuel Tax Incentives Work The primary ethanol subsidy offered by the federal government is a tax incentive called the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit, which was passed by Congress and signed into law by President George W. Bush in 2004. It took effect in 2005. The ethanol subsidy, which is commonly referred to as the blenders credit, offers ethanol blenders registered with the Internal Revenue Service a tax credit of 45 cents for every gallon of pure ethanol they blend with gasoline. That particular ethanol subsidy cost taxpayers $5.7 billion in foregone revenues in 2011, according to the U.S. Government Accountability Office, the nonpartisan congressional watchdog agency. Debate Over the Ethanol Subsidy Supporters of the federal ethanol subsidy argue that it encourages production and use of the biofuel and thereby reduces the amount of foreign oil needed to produce gasoline, a step toward energy independence. But critics argue that ethanol burns far less efficiently than gasoline, driving up fuel consumption and that it increases demand for corn for fuel and artificially boosts the cost of farm commodities and retail prices of food. They also say such an incentive is unnecessary because legislation enacted in 2007 requires oil companies to produce 36 billion gallons of biofuels such as ethanol by 2022. While born of good intentions, federal subsidies for ethanol have failed to achieve their intended goals of energy independence, U.S. Sen. Tom Coburn, a Republican from Oklahoma and leading critic of the ethanol subsidy, said in 2011. The effort to Kill the Ethanol Subsidy Coburn led an effort to repeal the ethanol subsidy in June of 2011, saying it was a waste of taxpayer money - he said the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit cost $30.5 billion from 2005 through 2011 - because consumption remained only a small part of the countrys fuel use. His effort to repeal the ethanol subsidy failed in the Senate by a vote of 59 to 40. While Im disappointed my amendment did not pass, taxpayers should remember that when I offered an amendment to defund the Bridge to Nowhere in Alaska in 2005 we lost that vote 82 to 15, Coburn said in a statement. Over time, however, the will of the people prevailed and Congress was forced to scale back this wasteful and corrupting practice. Today, the earmark favor factory is mostly closed. Only the tax division remains open. Im confident this debate, and many more ahead, will expose the tax code for what it is - an abomination that favors the well-connected over working families and small businesses. History of the Ethanol Subsidy The Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit ethanol subsidy became law on Oct. 22, 2004, when President George W. Bush signed the American Jobs Creation Act into law. Included in that piece of legislation was the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit. The initial bill gave ethanol blenders a tax credit of 51 cents for every gallon of ethanol they mixed with gasoline. Congress reduced the tax incentive by 6 cents per gallon as part of the 2008 Farm Bill. According to the Renewable Fuels Association, gasoline refiners and marketers are required to pay the full rate of tax, which is 18.4 cents per gallon on the total gasoline-ethanol mixture but can claim the 45 cents per gallon tax credit or refund for each gallon of ethanol used in the mixture. The ethanol subsidy benefits multibillion-dollar integrated oil companies such as BP, Exxon, and Chevron. The First Ethanol Subsidy The Energy Policy Act of 1978 was the first federal legislative ethanol subsidy. It allowed for a 40-cent tax exemption per gallon of ethanol, according to Purdue University.The Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 increased the tax exemption to 50 cents per gallon of ethanol.The 1990 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act extended the ethanol subsidy to 2000 but decreased the amount to 54 cents a gallon.The 1998 Transportation Efficiency Act of the 21st Century extended the ethanol subsidy through 2007 but reduced it to 51 cents per gallon by 2005.Bushs signature on the Jobs Creation Act changed the way the modern ethanol subsidy worked. Instead, it offered a straight tax credit to producers, the legislation allowed for the blenders credit. President Trump Protects the Ethanol Subsidy During his 2016 campaign, President Donald Trump came out as one of the ethanol subsidy’s strongest supporters. Speaking in Iowa, where corn is king, on January 21, 2016, he said, â€Å"The EPA should ensure that biofuel . . . blend levels match the statutory level set by Congress,† adding that he was â€Å"was â€Å"there with you [farmers] 100 percent† on continuing federal subsidy for ethanol. â€Å"You’re going to get a really fair shake from me.† After Trump took office in January 2017, all seemed well with the ethanol subsidy until early October, when his own EPA administrator Scott Pruitt announced that the agency was considering lowering the EPA-mandated subsidy payment level for ethanol â€Å"slightly† in 2018. The suggestion sent shockwaves through the Corn Belt and its Republican congressional protectors. Iowa Sen. Chuck Grassley accused Trump of a â€Å"bait and switch,† in reference to his empathic campaign promise. Grassley and Iowa’s other Republican senator, Joni Ernst, threatened to block all of Trump’s future EPA appointments. The governors of most Corn Belt states joined in sending Trump warning him than any cutback in the Renewable Fuel Standard program’s subsidies would be â€Å"highly disruptive, unprecedented and potentially catastrophic.† Faced with the potential loss of influence over some of his strongest congressional backers, Trump quickly told Pruitt to back off any future talk of cutting the ethanol subsidy. On July 5, 2018, Pruitt resigned amid multiple accusations of ethics violations involving his excessive and unauthorized personal use of government funds. He was replace within hours by EPA deputy director Andrew Wheeler, a former lobbyist for the coal industry.

Role Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Role Reflection - Essay Example The article also argues that there is no relationship between curriculum development and implementation. The article also stresses the fact that more attention should be paid to implementation of curriculum and it should be considered as important as curriculum development. Another problem that is identified in the article is related to the difference between designed curriculum and the curriculum that is followed. There are also massive communication issues that hinder the implementation of the desired curriculum. It is argued in the article that use of appropriate tools can help in better implementation of curriculum. Use of curriculum implementation monitoring system is advised by the article and it is suggested that this new system can help schools better implement their desired curriculum. The suggested system is in expensive and does not put significant stress on the school teachers and administration. The new system focuses more on communication to ensure that there is a match between the desired curriculum and curriculum that is followed. The communication will help schools remove the problems teachers face in implementation of curriculum. The role of principal is identified as the greatest in solving the problem of implementation of curriculum. The article argues that the use of new system will only help solve the problem if principals take interest and ensure that the new system is followed. Principals are also advised to do regular follow-ups with teachers to make sure that everything is running smoothly. A proper working relationship between teachers and principals can play a huge role in making sure that teachers are able to follow and implement the designed curriculum. the leadership of principal is vital, according to the article, to remove all hindrances in implementation of desired curriculum. The article is written in an academic tone and identifies a significant

Principles of Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Principles of Human Resource Management - Essay Example Starting from identifying the capacity and nature of workforce required, employers need to lay down the specifications of the diversity mix they aim to introduce in their organization. This involves clarifying the demographics, qualification, skill set, education, competencies and other abilities. The point of contention which arises here is the possibility of overt or systematic discrimination creeping in, based on caste, color, creed, race, religion, gender, marital status, minority and such other factors (Markey et al. 2002). From organizational point of view, competencies are defined in advance just for the purpose of matching the core jobs with that of candidate’s profile, leaving scope of adjustment for peripheral duties and responsibilities of the job. However, discriminating candidates on the basis of such criteria denies them equality of opportunity in the first place, and later on from appropriate training and development session organized and managed by the organiza tion. Pandey (2006, p.21) gives some exceptional cases where sex or religion is not considered as unlawful in segregating the candidature of employees, like playing role for a movie or a drama. But in general, such practices are considered anti to the equal opportunity laws. Evidence of discriminatory practices constitutes the type of questions asked during selection interviews. Though basic information has to be provided by the candidate, yet federal laws have now prohibited asking questions on marital status, weight and height, education, child care, demographics, ownership and such other details. Purpose behind such prohibition is to safeguard the interests of women and under-represented communities who are denied of equal opportunities on the basis of their height, care giving duties, availability to work on weekends, etc (Strahan & Burgess 1998). This discrimination extends to even compensation and promotion techniques adopted by the management of the organization. Lately, init ial screening and assessments stages in recruitment and selection process have turned advanced with the advent of technologies like Interactive Voice Responses system (IVR) and social networking tools. Though these technologies have simplified the entire process, but in reality have posed many legal challenges ahead HR practitioners and policy makers. Primary amongst them is the inability of such hiring practices in giving due attention to applicants suffering from disabilities like hearing and visual impairment. Further, it limits the accommodation by providing access to people having internet connection. This gives direct birth to ‘disparate impact’ whereby web-based hiring creates membership and access based on sub-groups, age etc. Employers are also making extensive use of social networking tools and websites like Facebook, Twitter and other to conduct background checks and gather information and confirming the credentials of candidates. This directly gives rise to invasion of privacy and unlawful spying on profiles of candidates which are otherwise not considered as authentic means of background

UK Government Guidelines on Food and Nutrition

UK Government Guidelines on Food and Nutrition â€Å"Nutrition is the term used for the science or study of food and how the body uses the constituent s of food† (Carolyn C., Food Nutrition and How the Body Works, P.23) Children require the right amount of vitamins and minerals to promote healthy development, therefore the UK government has set guidelines for babies and children’ food consumption to promote healthy development. The Food Standards Agency is responsible for food safety and food hygiene across the UK. The Food Standards Agency works closely with local authority enforcement officers to make sure food law is applied throughout the food chain. The Food standards Agency enforces good food hygiene through the hygiene rating and a child care provider must be able to perform to a good rating. The rating is from a scale of 0 – 5. The main government guidelines on food and nutrition can be identified in the table below; BIRTH TO 6 MONTHS 6-9 MONTHS 9 MONTHS + Breast milk or infant formula is the only food that a child needs from birth to 6-months. In the child care setting breast milk must be properly stored to prevent food poising .Adequate sterilization and hygiene must be maintained for both breast milk and infant formula. Various ranges of prepared food and cereals are available for baby consumption and these could also be prepared and pureed at home, frozen into ice cube trays and used when needed. Along with healthy fruits and cereal snacks, breast milk and infant formula can still be given. For hungry babies weaning process begin ealier, though government guidelines states that solid food should be introduced after 6months.Child care provider has to avoid some food types such as –Eggs, Liver, fish, shellfish, nuts, seeds, wheat and gluten-based food, unpasteurised and soft cheese. Babies diet should include milk and dairy, fruit and vegetables, meat, fish, eggs and beans, rice, potatoes and starchy foods and these should be observed by the child care provider in a child care setting for healthy living The recommended guideline for serving of solid food portion from 9 months is ; 2 servings per day of meat, fish, eggs and pulses 3 to 4 servings per day of fruit and vegetables 3 to 4 servings per day of potatoes, bread and rice. Vitamins drops may still be given to supplement the vitamins A , C , and D got from food as advised by the Department of Health to prevent children lacking these vitamins. Vitamin A –helps children to see in dim light, supports and strengthen the immune system and ensure healthy skin. Vitamin C – helps the absorption of iron and supports immune system. Vitamin D – helps strengthen bones and assist the absorption of calcium. All these must be maintained by the child care provider to achieve healthy lifestyle for the children. TYPES OF FOOD THAT ARE UNSUITABLE FOR BABIES AND YOUNG CHILDREN Any food and drink provided by the childcare setting should be properly prepared, nutritious and comply with any special dietary requirements. (Teena K, Children’s Care Learning and Development, P.128) Government guidance on food considered to be unsuitable for babies and young children is key for both parents and child care providers. The food type that is unsuitable for babies and young children are sugar, honey, Nuts, Eggs, Raw shellfish, Foods low in Fat, Swordfish, Shark and Marlin. Sugar causes acid erosion which is the main cause of tooth decay in children. Young children should avoid sugar especially sugary drinks and snack which are majorly in pre-packed convenience foods. Child care provider must ensure that children are encouraged to take only water and milk and avoid fizzy drinks and sugary snacks to prevent tooth decay which affects the milk teeth. Good. Honey – It is naturally believed that this liquid gold is better for consumption that white refined sugars but for infant below 1 year of age, ingesting honey is unsuitable for their health and wellbeing. Honey may be contaminated by bacteria called Clostridium botulinum though not harmful to adult but grows in the gastrointestinal track of babies below 1 year and cause a medical condition called Infant Botulism. One of the symptoms is constipation, child failing to feed and later lethargy which manifest months after consumption of spores, which grows in the gastro-intestinal track of infant as they grow and releases toxins into the bloodstream. Infant Botulism in babies can be treated with artificial Ventilation in incubator and a drug named botullinum Immunoglobulin (BabyBIG). Salt – It is one of United Kingdom’ most excessively consumed minerals. Salt is dangerous for babies because their kidney cannot process the salt the way an adult’ kidneys can. It is important for parents’ and child care providers to prepare food for babies at home and avoid processed convenience foods, as recommended in the guidelines by Food Standards Agency in the salt consumption table below; The recommended maximum daily salt intake for infant children and adult Age Target average salt intake (g/d) 0-6 months Less than 1 7-12months 1 1-3years 2 4-6years 3 7-10 years 5 11 years+ 6 Nuts – Nuts can cause choking hazard in children under 5years especially whole nuts. From NHS information, percentage of population affected by peanut allergy is 1%.Childcare provider must ensure that children with allergy reaction to nuts or who have siblings with allergy to nuts should not be given nuts with parental consent. Eggs – Eggs should be avoided for babies below 6months, especially if a family member has egg allergy. Babies’ delicate intestinal system reacts to protein in eggs up to the age of 6months and after 6months child care provider must ensure that egg is well cooked to reduce the risk of salmonella infection in eggs which causes diarrhoea and vomiting. Swordfish, Shark and Marlin – These have levels of mercury which can be detrimental to the growth of a baby’ nervous system. If the recommended limit is exceeded, it allows a toxic build-up in children and adverse effect on the central nervous system and cause impairments in movement and cognitive brain function by displacement of essential neurons. Foods low in fat – Children should be given whole milk yoghurt fromage frais, as children get essential nutrients and energy from foods containing fat and this is not present in low fat food. The fat containing food can be slowly reduced after the age of 2years. Raw Shellfish – shellfish should be avoided in children as it is allergenic and contains salmonella bacteria that cause food poisoning. It should be avoided until older age. CHILD RECORD FORM Child record form for a new child in child care setting with specific dietary requirements; CHILD RECORD FORM To be completed and signed by the parent/guardian/carer and given to the childminder. Child’s nameJoy Idara Date of birth23/11/2009 Home address44 Well road, Colchester, Essex Post CodeCO4 0AZ Telephone number 074 Parent/Guardian/Carer’s NameEsse Idara Address (if different from above) ___________________________________________________________ Place of work Milnet, Colchester Work number 01206†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Mobile074†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Parent/Guardian/Carer’s NameMatt Idara Address (if different from above) ___________________________________________________________ Place of workBaka Mill, Colchester Work number 01206†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Mobile074†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Who to contact in an emergency (other than Parent/guardian/carer) Mary Band Telephone number 074†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Name of person who will collect childEsse Idara Other persons who may collect childMatt Idara Further information (if necessary) _________________________________________________________ Child’s doctorRaymond Rock AddressMain Surgery, Ipswich road, colchester Telephone number01206†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Immunisation/Vaccinations: Has the child been fully immunised against: YES/NO Diphtheria Whooping cough yes Tetanus yes Polio yes Measles yes Mumps yes Rubella yes Hib Meningitis yes Other________________________________________________________________ Special Diet/ Allergies/ Health problems/ Childhood illnessesJoy is allergic to cow milk and so must not take cow milk or come in contact with a cow as this can cause allergic reaction by swelling of throat and mouth, or burn on skin. If there is an emergency due to ingestion, administer adrenaline through an Epi-pen as prescribed by her Doctor this is kept in her locked container. This should be administered by a properly trained person. Good. Anything else the childminder should know about your child e.g. likes dislikes, fears, comfort items, Special words ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ PARENT/GUARDIAN/CARER Signature _____________________________ Date ________________ Note that this form should be documented accurately in case of emergency and for first aid administration and treatment CHILDHOOD CHRONIC DISEASES Chronic Disease is a long-lasting condition that can be controlled but not cured. Most chronic diseases do not resolve spontaneously, and are generally not cured completely. Some can be immediately life-threatening; others can persist over time and can be intensive in terms of management (e.g. diabetes). Most chronic diseases persist in an individual through life, but are not always the cause of death. Children suffer from various chronic diseases which can have effect on their physical and mental development. Some childhood chronic diseases which can affect development are; Diabetes, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis and Cerebral Palsy. Diabetes – â€Å"Diabetes is a lifelong condition thatcauses a persons blood sugar level to become too high† (NHS Choices, Health A-Z, Diabetes). It is caused by having too much glucose in the blood and has two types. Type 1 is diagnosed in adolescence and controlled by insulin injection, Type 2 diagnosed in adulthood and controlled through diet and tablets. Development can be adversely affected by diabetes retinopathy, in which damage occurs to the blood vessel in the retina which can impair a child’ vision and damage the eyes, thereby affecting the physical and intellectual development due to loss of sight. Also, diabetes nephropathy causes complication to the feet and if sores and blisters to the fee are not treated infection can occur and result in nerve damage to the feet. Asthma – Asthma is a chronic condition affecting the lungs which can be effectively controlled in most children. Asthma affects the airways, when a child comes in contact with something that irritates their lungs know as trigger such as tobacco smoke, pollen or allergy like pet hair, their airways narrow, the lining becomes inflamed, the muscles around them tighten, and there is an increase in the production of sticky mucus or phlegm. This makes it difficult to breathe and causes symptoms such as wheezing, coughing and shortness of breath. Some of the medication for the treatment of asthma is preventer and reliever inhaler, and steroid medication. Asthma can affect emotional and intellectual development, for instance if a child is always absent from school to get treatment for the disease, this in turn affects the child’ target in school by missing work at school. Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition in which the lungs and digestive system become cloggedwith thick sticky mucus. It is an inherited chronic health condition that affects a child’ internal organ particularly the lungs. This causes pancreatic problems resulting into poor digestion of food and leading to poor development by inadequate growth as a result of malnutrition. Cystic fibrosis can be treated with range of therapies, including medication, diet, and physiotherapy to remove mucus from the lungs. Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy is caused by damage to the brain, that usually occurs before, during or after a child is born. Cerebral palsy refers to group of neurological conditions such as muscle problems, speech impairment and stiffness on one side of the body. Cerebral palsy affects children in many ways such as children having mobility problems, and some requiring lifelong care. This affects physically, emotional and intellectual development through hearing and visual impairment and delayed growth. Also, it can cause serious distress for those caring for the child. Help and support to parents and those caring for children is available on NHS choices website. Reference List Carolyn Childs, 2001, Food and Nutrition in the Early Years, UK, Hodder Stoughton Marilyn B.Dawn R. and Katty W. , 1999, Early Years Care, UK, Hodder Stoughton NHS Choices, Health A-Z (www.nhs.uk) Teena Kamen, 2007, Children’s Care Learning and Development, UK, Hodder Arnold Tina B Carolyn M, 2006, Understanding the Behaviour of Children, UK, Hodder Education

The Significance of Suicide in Hamlet

The Significance of Suicide in Hamlet The concept of suicide is one that is greatly contemplated and discussed by Hamlet and other characters in William Shakespeare's play. It can be seen through two of Hamlet's soliloquies and his overall demeanor throughout the play. Hamlet has many issues that he must deal with such as the death of his father and the marriage of his uncle and mother. These two incidents led Hamlet to consider the extreme act of suicide to escape the fate that he had been bestowed. Although Hamlet did not commit suicide, in the end the path that he took inevitably led to his suicidal intentions and his eventual downfall.The contemplation of suicide threatens Hamlet and various characters in the play leading to the demise of the characters and the kingdom of Denmark. The sudden and tragic death of King Hamlet left the kingdom of Denmark and more importantly his son, Prince Hamlet, in a state of distress; as a quick fix to this problem Claudius married Gertrude. In t he beginning of the play, after Hamlet's confrontation with Claudius, he states in his soliloquy that, â€Å"O, that this too too solid flesh would melt / Thaw and resolve itself into a dew! Or that the Everlasting had not fix'd / His canon ‘gainst self-slaughter! O God! God! †(Act I, Sc. 2) Hamlet clearly expresses his Christian beliefs and his fear of being punished for â€Å"self-slaughter. † He believes that it is better to live in his current state then be damned to hell in the afterlife. One may view this outburst as his method of venting or an over exaggerated teenage rant. For it seems that Hamlet is not capable of dealing with the death of his father or the marriage, however incestuous it may be, in a reasonable and non-destructive way.The appearance of his father's ghost sparked a fire inside of Hamlet; he took it upon himself to avenge his father's death; a deed that he would not be able to complete if he committed suicide. Hamlet's Christian beliefs m ay have held him back from an untimely death at first but his craving for revenge overpowered everything else, driving him to live on. Hamlet was not the only person that struggled with his life and developed a disturbed psyche, the most notable character being Ophelia.Many factors led to Ophelia's death, one of the reasons being Hamlet's so-called fake craziness which drove him to ruin his relationship with Ophelia, but it wasn't the only factor that led to her downfall. Ophelia's father and brother, warned her against Hamlet, and even though she heeded their warning it led to her ultimate demise. Some people speculate that Ophelia was pregnant and in the Elizabethan era that this play takes place; suicide was the preferred method of â€Å"abortion† or a solution to premarital sex.Preceding Ophelia's death, she was in a mental state of distress and disturbance; this may have been a reason that led to her death. She may have viewed suicide as the only escape from her cruel, h arsh life after Hamlet denied her and after the death of her father; taking into account that her death may have been an accident. She was given a very forced funeral, the priest even stating that, â€Å"As we have warrantise: her death was doubtful. †(Act V, Sc. 1) Had her death been truly recognized as a suicide she would not have received a burial and her body most likely would have been left in the river to rot.The death of Ophelia was devastating to Hamlet, for when he heard of her death and saw her pale body in the casket, he admitted to Laertes and the clown that he did in fact love Ophelia. This deepened his depression, but strengthened his need to avenge his father. The controversy behind her death and the mock funeral that was held for her only further led Hamlet to lose faith in humanity and his own life. One of the greatest obstacles Hamlet faced was how he was going to avenge a murder without committing a crime.Although he wanted to avenge his father’s dea th, he did not want to do so under circumstantial evidence, he wanted to be completely sure that Claudius was the culprit. He underwent his plan by persuading the troupe to perform a play reenacting the killing of King Hamlet. Claudius' sudden departure from the room proved to Hamlet that his suspicions were true. This incident pushed Hamlet closer to death. His thoughts and conscience were clouded by the need to kill his father's murderer. Hamlet believed that if he committed this act he would find his resolve.He believed that he could not leave the world without finishing this task, but once he had done this, there would be nothing more except his questionable Christian faith and fear of the unknown to keep him in the light and away from the darkness; which in the end might not have been enough. Hamlet's iconic quote, â€Å"To be, or not to be: that is the question,† (Act III, Sc. 1) is the greatest example of his suicidal debate. Hamlet questions why it is not a common act for people to commit suicide, for individuals to escape reality and their current problems.He cannot fathom why a person would endure the tragedies of life throughout the years and whether it is nobler to do so or nobler to end it all. Albeit his Christian beliefs, Hamlet believes that the real reason is fear of the unknown. Death is an intangible force that cannot and will not be explained. Humans fear concepts they do not understand, so they would not willfully venture into unknown territory. One cannot foresee what lies beyond death, heaven, hell or nothingness and Hamlet realizes this, posing the question, â€Å"For in that sleep of death what dreams may come. †(Act III, Sc. ) Individuals feel they must attain truth and sanctity from their lives and ultimately our consciences get the better of us. â€Å"†¦conscience does make cowards of us all†¦ thus the native hue of resolution / Is sicklied o’er with the pale cast of thought. †(Act III, Sc. 1) T he events that occurred around Hamlet may have pushed him towards the brink of death, but they also allowed him to realize that life was worth living. Avenging his father's death was Hamlet's prime purpose in the play. He believed that if he in fact did commit â€Å"self-slaughter† that his father would have died in vain.His duty in life from then on was to investigate Claudius and avenge his father. During his return to Denmark, after being forced to leave, Hamlet witnesses Fortinbras and his army on their way to defeat King Claudius and reclaim their pride and power. Despite Fortinbras being an enemy of his country, Hamlet sees how ambitious and driven the man is. This allows Hamlet to realize that life is precious and that if Fortinbras can have that amount of motivation, so can he. â€Å"Witness this army of such mass and charge / Led by a delicate and tender prince / Whose spirit with divine ambition puff'd. †(Act IV, Sc. ) He now possesses a new goal that he feel s he must complete; warn his country of the Norwegians attack. Death overtook the entire kingdom of Denmark and Hamlet's entire family. The final scene of the play when Hamlet fights Laertes shows the internal corruption of the family and the kingdom. In a sense every person that died in the play committed suicide. Laertes' scheme with Claudius backfired on him and his death was caused by being slashed with his own poisonous blade. Gertrude drank the poisonous drink and although she was not aware of the poison she drank the drink willfully, even after being told by Claudius not to.Claudius died from his own poisonous sword, albeit it was forcefully thrust into his chest by Hamlet, he was without a doubt murdered by his own plan. Hamlet delayed his quest for vengeance and almost ran away from his mission; this delay led to his battle with Laertes and ultimately his demise. The sight of Hamlet dying made Horatio consider following him, he wanted to drink the poison and follow his frie nd into the afterlife, even if he did commit â€Å"self-slaughter†, the death of his friend was too much to bear, but Hamlet convinced him otherwise, so he may tell his story for years to come. But let it be. Horatio, I am dead / Thou livest; report me and my cause aright / To the unsatisfied. †(Act V, Sc. 2) These deaths left a bad taste in the mouth of the kingdom of Denmark and displayed the true colors of the royal family. From the beginning Hamlet and his family were on the path that would eventually lead them to their end. With the death of King Hamlet and the incestuous marriage of Claudius and Gertrude, Hamlet's life and the fate of the kingdom spiraled into madness. The play ended in various deaths and tragedies representing the true significance of suicide in the play of Hamlet.

Young College Athletes - 730 Words

Everyone wants to be a champion. Many people have the dream of becoming a college athlete and going down in history. With the many controversies in athletics today it is getting harder to fulfill this dream. One of the main controversies is college athletes becoming employees of the college. There are many reasons why athletes should not be employees. College athletes should not be considered employees of the college it will send a bad message to younger generations, cause contract disagreements and lastly it would make the cost of colleges much high than they are. Young athletes always look up athletes at higher levels. Most of the times they have a favorite athlete and try there hardest to be just like their idol. With that thought college athletes getting paid will send a bad message to younger generations. Seeing these controversies about payment will eventually trickle down. Younger generations will see this as an opportunity for them to get paid as well. If it passes that coll ege athletes become employees why shouldn’t high school athletes get paid, or even junior high athletes. The argument is the amount of money that athletes raise for their schools colleges. According to ESPN in 2008 Alabama made 28,410,419 dollars off of ticket sales alone. ( ) If they base the decision on this fact then many smaller colleges would be in trouble. The larger universities with more money would have an unfair advantage. Most of the skilled athletes would look towards theseShow MoreRelatedThe NBA One-And-Done Rule1584 Words   |  7 Pagesgraduates to forego their eligibility to play college basketball and enter straight into the NBA draft. The informed high school basketball players that they had to be at least one year removed from high school and had to be at least 19 years of age in order to partake in the NBA draft. Currently, the league does not require players to play NCAA basketball as you can be drafted after playing a season overseas. 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The Holocaust The Mass Murders - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2017 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/04/26 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Holocaust Essay Did you like this example? The Holocaust is undoubtedly one of the most horrifying events in history. The mass murder of more than eleven million people, six million of them Jews, has left its mark on history and should never be forgotten. The events and the history of the Holocaust are presented in two very different ways in the movie The Boy in the Striped Pajamas and in the movie The Pianist. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Holocaust: The Mass Murders" essay for you Create order The Boy in the Striped Pajamas is a historical drama film, which attempts to show the horrors of the concentration camps through the eyes of an eight-year-old German boy named Bruno and an eight-year old Jewish boy names Shmuel. The Pianist is a film based on Wladyslaw Szpilmans memoir of life during the time of the holocaust. Both attempt to show the atrocities committed by the Nazi Regime, but the attempts to do so are done in very different ways. I found it difficult to make many comparisons between the two movies, but one of the comparisons that can easily be made is the element of obscurity in each situation in the opening scenes. Szpilman is Jewish and is forced to sit around a radio with his family and wait for further instructions from the Nazi regime deciding his familys fate. Bruno on the other hand, the son of a Nazi officer, is forced to relocate from Berlin to the countryside with his family so that his father can help run one of the concentration camps. Though the each movie attempts to capture events that took place during the time of the Holocaust, many aspects of the movies are extremely different. I would argue that The Pianist is a much more educational representation of the Holocaust as compared to The Boy in the Striped Pajamas which is more of a Hollywood movie with the setting of the Holocaust. Even thought only one was supported by authentic historical events, both movies had a powerful impact on their viewers. The Boy in the Striped Pajamas has repeatedly been called a childrens film, and I would argue that it is significantly less graphic that The Pianist. The two main child characters are Bruno, the son of a Nazi party member, and Shmuel who is inside the concentration camp. These characters, because they are so young, represent innocence in such a dark time of history. I found the film to be more emotional than some of the others we have watched, but that is because I got to see a side of the Holocaust that I had not seen in other movies. One major criticism of this film, and its representation of historical events, is the friendship between Bruno and Shmuels characters. It seems almost impossible that two boys would be able to form a friendship on either side of a barbed wire fence. In the movie, Shmuel is seen sitting on the ground by the fence unsupervised. In reality, the number of security guards in each camp was so high that it would have been impossible for Shmuel to have stayed by the fence all afternoon, or for him to get out of doing work, let alone form a friendship with a German boy. Shmuel, at the age of eight, would most likely have been sent to the gas chambers upon arrival to the camp. It is possible that when he arrived to the camp he was evaluated by one of the Nazis and thought to be a good worker, but this is highly unlikely. In my opinion, in order to watch this movie we are required to forget any knowledge that we have on the Holocaust and just immerse ourselves into the minds and lives of two innocent and naive main characters. We find ourselves at the end of the movie feeling sorry for Brunos family. This is the first Holocaust movie I have seen where we cannot help but feel sorry for the German family as well as the Jewish people. I wonder if this ending was chosen for the movie so that the views are able to see that Brunos father, although a Nazi, is capable of love. Why do we find ourselves feeling sorry for the murder of one boy but not the murder of the thousands of Jews who also died in the camp with Bruno that very same day? Even thought the movie is not historically accurate, I dont think it is suppose to be. The movie pulls on the heartstring of its audience because it is centered on the drastically different lives of two children, and you cannot help but feel bad for them. Brunos character is portrayed as innocent and nave. He has no idea what the war really entails and, I believe his character is important because he represents the rest of the world during this time. Not many people, or countries, truly understood what was going on in the concentration camps, or how gruesome they were. Propaganda videos were sent out depicting the camps to be something completely different than they were. In the videos children were seen playing and there is an imaginary caf? ©. Of course we know that this is not even close to how terrible life was in the camps. Bruno is not the only ignorant character, his mother also was not aware of what was really going on inside the camps or farm as Bruno called it. Her husband had kept the secret of the gas chambers from her, which in turn caused her to lose all trust and respect for him. Again, we find ourselves feeling bad for Elsa, but what we dont think about is how much she did know. She was by no means innocent. The mass killings might have been kept from her, but she was well aware of the deportations to the labor camps, and how the prisoners were treated inhumanely. She knew this because she saw it first hand in her own house. She allowed a prisoner names Pavel to work under her roof, and be treated unfairly. If she didnt like what she saw she could have spoken up to her husband about the situation. Her biggest fault was when she accepted and agreed with her husband when he told Bruno they are not real people (The Boy in the Striped Pajamas 2008). In sharp contrast to The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, The Pianist, is much more autobiographical. We learned that the films director, Roman Polanski, is a Holocaust survivor himself, which probably helped contribute to the movies historical accuracy. Very early on in the movie we see how brutal the living conditions and treatment are in the Warsaw ghetto. One of the hardest scenes is when we see the ghetto wall being built up and just on the other side of the wall the non-Jews are at the markets buying food and living a normal life. Inside the walls of the ghetto we see famine, and cramped, and inhumane living conditions. Most movies we have seen, and testimonies we have read, have been from the inside the concentration camp fences. The Pianist was able to give us understanding of what life was like in the Ghettos before the Jews were sent off to the camps. I consider this movie to be an accurate display of a time during the Holocaust that is not always discussed. We are able to see Szpilman and the Jews living a somewhat normal life in the opening scene of the film. Then we watch and follow along with them as they begin to understand their fate; from the scene where the family is gathered around listening to the radio and are told they will be relocated to the ghettos, to the scene where they are put into the cattle carts on the way to the actual concentration camps. I found Szpilmans character to be interesting, he was not a hero by any means or an outsider, he was a survivor and we were able to follow his memoir and see how much luck played a part in his survival. This I found to be a very similar theme to most of the testimonies we read. If you survived, you survived because of luck. However, I did find myself attached to Szpilmans character which made the film ever more difficult to watch. It was hard to watch the dehumanization that played out during the film, of him and is family. We also were able to get a sense of how historically authentic The Pianist is because of how the film plays out in perfect chronological order. We are shown dates at the bottom of the screen to better understand at what time frame during the war the scene took place. Szpielman never had a flashback scene and we mostly see what he sees through his own eyes. We are also shown that not every Jew was perfect. For example, Itzak was a Jewish policeman who was very brutal with fellow Jews when he did not need to be. This was the reality in the ghettos, and from what we have read in previous testimonies, in the concentration camps as well. We saw fighting, stealing, and the smuggling of food. Children would even crawl through the gutters to smuggle food into the ghetto. There was a scene of a little boy stuck between the ghetto and the other side of the wall and he was brutally beaten to death over a small portion of food he had stolen. It was the scenes like this one that really gave viewe rs like myself a better understanding of what the circumstances were really like in Warsaw. Another particularly gruesome scene was when Szpielman and his family witnessed, from their kitchen window, Nazis march into a Jewish home, make the entire family stand, and when a man in a wheelchair did not stand they tossed him over the balcony to his death. Scenes like this one showed the audience just how horrible living in the ghetto really was. Another particularily horrific scene took place while Szpilman and his family waited in the courtyard to be deported. A woman near them was screaming, Why did I do it? Why did I do it? (The Pianist). The family learned that the poor mother had smothered her own child out of fear that the Nazis would have heard its cries and killed it. The unimaginable crime of a mother killing her own child does not seem true, but the sad reality was it happened all the time. It is nearly impossible to compare the film The Boy in the Striped Pajamas to the film The Pianist however, both films explore the context of family during the Holocaust. I found myself thinking, while watching The Boy in the Striped Pajamas for the first time, that the film was over exaggerated by Hollywood, and that it would not fulfill the expectations of someone who is as fascinated with the history of the Holocaust as I am. After watching the film twice more I have a different understanding and appreciation for the film. While not historically accurate, it still gets the viewers thinking about the Holocaust and it does leave a lasting impression on us. During my first time watching The Pianist I had a much different opinion than I do now. I originally thought the film was maybe too historically accurate, if that is even possible. I found myself shielding my eyes from the graphic scenes and stopping the film every once in a while. Now, I realize and can appreciate how important i t is to see a film like this one. Together, both films are part of a large genre of Holocaust representations that speaks to its twentieth century viewers and gives us a purpose, as viewers. It is important that viewers see both of these films in order to ensure that a horrific genocide, like the Holocaust, never happens again. Holocaust survivors unfortunately will not live forever, so it is up to movies like The Pianist and The Boy in the Striped Pajamas and testimonies, like the ones we have read, to tell their stories.